Turkey Vulture

The turkey vulture, Cathartes aura (Order Cathartiformes, Family Cathartidae), is a large scavenging bird of prey, typically 62-81 cm in length, with a wingspan of 160-183 cm, weighing 0.8-2.4 kg. Adults are characterized by their dark brown to black plumage, featherless red head (resembling a turkey's), and pale bill. In flight, the undersides of their flight feathers appear two-toned, with silvery-gray primaries and secondaries contrasting with darker wing linings. Breeding occurs from March-July. Nests are often in secluded, protected sites such as caves, rock crevices, hollow logs, or abandoned buildings. Clutch size is typically 2 eggs, incubated for 38-41 days. Young fledge at 70-80 days.

Turkey vultures are renowned for their exceptional sense of smell, which they use to locate carrion, often flying low to the ground to detect the gases produced by decaying animals. They are typically seen soaring in wide circles, often teetering from side to side, which helps them detect thermals. They are largely silent, only vocalizing with hisses and grunts when agitated. While generally solitary when foraging, they often roost communally in large aggregations, especially on bare trees or communication towers.